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<h2><span class="refentrytitle">编译 GTK+ 程序</span></h2>
<p>编译 GTK+ 程序 — 怎样编译你的 GTK+ 程序</p>
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<div class="refsect1">
<a name="id3125973"></a><h2>在 UNIX 环境下编译 GTK+ </h2>
<p>编译 GTK+ 程序，你需要告诉编译器，GTK+ 的头文件和库文件在哪儿。这些都可以用 <code class="literal">pkg-config</code> 帮你</p>
<p>
The following interactive shell session demonstrates how
<code class="literal">pkg-config</code> is used (the actual output on
your system may be different):
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
$ pkg-config --cflags gtk+-3.0
 -pthread -I/usr/include/gtk-3.0 -I/usr/lib64/gtk-3.0/include -I/usr/include/atk-1.0 -I/usr/include/cairo -I/usr/include/pango-1.0 -I/usr/include/glib-2.0 -I/usr/lib64/glib-2.0/include -I/usr/include/pixman-1 -I/usr/include/freetype2 -I/usr/include/libpng12
$ pkg-config --libs gtk+-3.0
 -pthread -lgtk-3 -lgdk-3 -latk-1.0 -lgio-2.0 -lpangoft2-1.0 -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lcairo -lpango-1.0 -lfreetype -lfontconfig -lgobject-2.0 -lgmodule-2.0 -lgthread-2.0 -lrt -lglib-2.0
</pre>
<p>
</p>
<p>
The simplest way to compile a program is to use the "backticks"
feature of the shell. If you enclose a command in backticks
(<span class="emphasis"><em>not single quotes</em></span>), then its output will be
substituted into the command line before execution. So to compile
a GTK+ Hello, World, you would type the following:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
$ cc `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0` hello.c -o hello
</pre>
<p>
</p>
<p>
If you want to make sure that your program doesn't use any deprecated
functions, you can define the preprocessor symbol GTK_DISABLE_DEPRECATED
by using the command line option <code class="literal">-DGTK_DISABLE_DEPRECATED=1</code>.
There are similar symbols GDK_DISABLE_DEPRECATED,
GDK_PIXBUF_DISABLE_DEPRECATED and G_DISABLE_DEPRECATED for GDK, GdkPixbuf and
GLib.
</p>
<p>
If you want to make sure that your program doesn't use any functions which
may be problematic in a multihead setting, you can define the preprocessor
symbol GDK_MULTIHEAD_SAFE by using the command line option
<code class="literal">-DGTK_MULTIHEAD_SAFE=1</code>.
</p>
<p>
Similarly, if you want to make sure that your program doesn't use any
functions which may be problematic in a multidevice setting, you can
define the preprocessor symbol GDK_MULTIDEVICE_SAFE by using the command
line option <code class="literal">-DGTK_MULTIDEVICE_SAFE=1</code>.
</p>
<div class="refsect2">
<a name="id3057306"></a><h3>使用 autotools 宏</h3>
<p>
      GTK+ provides various macros for easily checking version and backends
      supported. The macros are
      </p>
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<td><p><span class="term">AM_PATH_GTK_3_0([minimum-version], [if-found], [if-not-found], [modules])</span></p></td>
<td>This macro should be used to check that GTK+ is installed
          and available for compilation. The four arguments are optional, and
          they are: <span class="emphasis"><em>minimum-version</em></span>, the minimum version
          of GTK+ required for compilation; <span class="emphasis"><em>if-found</em></span>, the
          action to perform if a valid version of GTK+ has been found;
          <span class="emphasis"><em>if-not-found</em></span>, the action to perform if a valid
          version of GTK+ has not been found; <span class="emphasis"><em>modules</em></span>, a
          list of modules to be checked along with GTK+.</td>
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<td><p><span class="term">GTK_CHECK_BACKEND([backend-name], [minimum-version], [if-found], [if-not-found])</span></p></td>
<td>This macro should be used to check if a specific backend
          is supported by GTK+. The <span class="emphasis"><em>minimum-version</em></span>,
          <span class="emphasis"><em>if-found</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>if-not-found</em></span>
          arguments are optional.</td>
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